Beneath the normal tropical romanticism that has comprised Florida history, lies a long bloody history of struggle of runaway slaves and Seminoles fighting the U.S. military for land and freedom. Beneath the fancy tourist hotels, theme parks, and lily-white suburban enclaves, lie the bones of black Seminole maroons who fled from their masters, seeking freedom under Spanish and Seminole protection. Underneath the shore-front retirement homes of Northern migrants, the wealthy mansions of South Florida, and the overdeveloped downtown areas, lie the bones of Florida's poor whites who fought against an aristocracy of big banks, wealthy speculators, and aristocratic planters. Underneath the Civil War tourist attractions, gift shops, and battlefield renditions, lie the bones of poor whites who were drafted into the Confederate army to fight for the privileged, only to desert and return to fight Florida's Confederate government on the home front. You get the picture. This is not a postcard image of Florida as a sunny beach found in a tourist-based gift shop in the middle of a Gulf-front town. This is the blood, sweat, and tears of countless people who fought for freedom, land, and autonomy.

Florida history was defined by runaway slaves who formed free maroon settlements in proximal location of their Seminole allies, fighting the U.S. military for decades until they successfully achieved their freedom on the field of battle. It was defined by Seminoles, Miccosukees, and Red Stick Creeks fighting against the encroachment of white settlers. It was defined by poor whites seeking independence from an aristocratic planter class that considered them of no higher standard than the "negroes and savages" they all despised. It was defined by runaway slaves who fled in mass from the plantations during the Civil War, organizing and undermining the Confederate Florida government from within. It was defined by the poor whites who evaded the draft and deserted from the Confederate army, organizing into bands and undermining the Confederate Florida government from within. It was defined by the freemen during the Reconstruction era, seeking to create autonomous religious and educational institutions, form autonomous homestead communities, and arm themselves in defense against the reaction of former slaveholders. These people defined the real character of historical Florida. Underneath numerous governments, there was always turbulent unrest that compromised their rule. The People's History movement is expanding into numerous historical areas, reshaping the way that they have traditionally been told and redefining the way that we generally look at history.

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• HistoryAmericas

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